Foot and ankle
Hallux valgus correction
Realigns the first metatarsal and the big toe, with the technique selected according to the deformity, instability and weight-bearing radiographs.
General guidance
When it may be considered
- persistent pain and difficulty wearing shoes
- progressive deformity
- metatarsalgia or associated deformities
Individual decision
How suitability is determined
The size of the prominence alone is not enough to guide treatment; alignment, rotation, adjacent joints and first-ray stability also matter.
An abnormal scan alone is not an indication for surgery. The symptoms, clinical examination, progression and the patient's goals must be considered together.
Surgical plan
Decisions that tailor the procedure
- measurements on weight-bearing radiographs and rotation of the first metatarsal
- first-ray stability and the condition of the joints
- an osteotomy, a Lapidus procedure or another combination of procedures
- associated toe deformities and metatarsalgia
Alternatives
What is discussed before surgery
Wide toe-box shoes, protective pads and insoles may reduce pressure, but they do not straighten the bone. Surgery is considered for pain and functional limitation, not for appearance alone.
Before the procedure
Preparation and safety
- prepare the postoperative shoe and make arrangements to limit walking;
- treat any skin lesions, optimise diabetes control and stop smoking;
- bring all investigation results, previous operative records and a complete list of medication;
- do not stop or change long-term medication without instructions from the medical team;
After the procedure
Rehabilitation
Weight-bearing, footwear and radiographic follow-up depend on the correction performed; swelling may persist for several months.
The exact protocol, permitted weight-bearing and follow-up schedule depend on the procedure performed and individual progress.
Informed consent
Risks and limitations
Possible complications include recurrence, stiffness, residual pain, problems with bone healing, infection and altered sensation.
No procedure can guarantee complete pain relief or a return to a particular level of activity.
After surgery
Signs that require prompt medical assessment
- fever, discharge, spreading redness or worsening pain at the wound;
- sudden swelling of the calf, chest pain or difficulty breathing;
- uncontrolled pain, new numbness, or a change in the colour or temperature of the limb.
For severe symptoms or an emergency, call 112. The instructions given to you at discharge take priority over the general information on this page.
Editorial responsibility
Medically reviewed content
Dr. Răzvan Anițaș
Consultant orthopaedic and trauma surgeon; PhD in medical sciences
Last editorial update: 22 August 2026
Medical sources used for patient information
First step
Consultation, diagnosis and an individual treatment recommendation
This information does not replace a consultation. Surgery is recommended only after the individual benefits, alternatives and risks have been assessed.