Joint replacement · hip
Total hip replacement
Replaces the femoral head and acetabular surface when the joint is damaged and pain limits walking and everyday activities.
General guidance
When it may be considered
- advanced hip osteoarthritis with pain and functional limitation
- avascular necrosis or post-traumatic osteoarthritis
- sequelae of fracture, dislocation or hip dysplasia
Individual decision
How suitability is determined
The plan is based on the clinical examination, radiographs, anatomy, bone quality, associated medical conditions and functional goals. Implant fixation may be cemented, uncemented or hybrid.
An abnormal scan alone is not an indication for surgery. The symptoms, clinical examination, progression and the patient's goals must be considered together.
Surgical plan
Decisions that tailor the procedure
- confirming that the pain is predominantly coming from the hip
- component size and position, type of fixation and choice of bearing surfaces
- restoring length and stability without promising perfect symmetry
- infection and thromboembolism prevention tailored to the individual risk
Alternatives
What is discussed before surgery
Before joint replacement, the options discussed include exercise, activity modification, weight management, a walking stick, pain relief and selected injections. Hip-preservation procedures have specific indications and are not appropriate for every case of advanced hip osteoarthritis.
Before the procedure
Preparation and safety
- bring all investigation results, previous operative records and a complete list of medication;
- tell the medical team about diabetes, anticoagulant treatment, allergies, smoking and any active infection;
- do not stop or change long-term medication without instructions from the medical team;
- plan transport, help at home and any recommended assistive devices.
After the procedure
Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation includes pain control, progressive mobilisation, exercise, wound care and clinical and radiographic follow-up. The pace varies from one patient to another.
The exact protocol, permitted weight-bearing and follow-up schedule depend on the procedure performed and individual progress.
Informed consent
Risks and limitations
Possible risks include infection, dislocation, thromboembolism, fracture, leg-length difference, wear and the need for revision surgery. Your individual risk is discussed during the consultation.
No procedure can guarantee complete pain relief or a return to a particular level of activity.
After surgery
Signs that require prompt medical assessment
- fever, discharge, spreading redness or worsening pain at the wound;
- sudden swelling of the calf, chest pain or difficulty breathing;
- uncontrolled pain, new numbness, or a change in the colour or temperature of the limb.
For severe symptoms or an emergency, call 112. The instructions given to you at discharge take priority over the general information on this page.
Editorial responsibility
Medically reviewed content
Dr. Răzvan Anițaș
Consultant orthopaedic and trauma surgeon; PhD in medical sciences
Last editorial update: 22 August 2026
Medical sources used for patient information
First step
Consultation, diagnosis and an individual treatment recommendation
This information does not replace a consultation. Surgery is recommended only after the individual benefits, alternatives and risks have been assessed.