Foot and ankle
Correction of cavus and cavovarus foot
Redistributes load and corrects alignment when the arch is excessively high and pressure is concentrated along the outer side of the foot.
General guidance
When it may be considered
- pain and pressure overload along the outer side of the foot
- recurrent sprains and instability
- progressive deformity or an underlying neuromuscular condition
Individual decision
How suitability is determined
Assessment considers the underlying cause, the flexibility of the deformity, alignment, the peroneal tendons and ankle stability.
An abnormal scan alone is not an indication for surgery. The symptoms, clinical examination, progression and the patient's goals must be considered together.
Surgical plan
Decisions that tailor the procedure
- the neurological or post-traumatic cause and its progression
- flexibility of the hindfoot and first ray
- the balance between the peroneal and tibial tendons
- the osteotomies, tendon transfers or fusions required
Alternatives
What is discussed before surgery
Footwear, pressure-relieving orthoses and physiotherapy may control flexible deformities. Any progressive neurological cause must be assessed because it can affect the durability of the correction.
Before the procedure
Preparation and safety
- complete the neurological assessment when indicated;
- protect and treat pressure areas before surgery;
- bring all investigation results, previous operative records and a complete list of medication;
- do not stop or change long-term medication without instructions from the medical team;
After the procedure
Rehabilitation
Weight-bearing is protected until the bone or tendon procedures have healed; walking and strengthening are then resumed progressively.
The exact protocol, permitted weight-bearing and follow-up schedule depend on the procedure performed and individual progress.
Informed consent
Risks and limitations
Possible complications include recurrence, stiffness, residual pain, problems with bone healing, infection and nerve injury.
No procedure can guarantee complete pain relief or a return to a particular level of activity.
After surgery
Signs that require prompt medical assessment
- fever, discharge, spreading redness or worsening pain at the wound;
- sudden swelling of the calf, chest pain or difficulty breathing;
- uncontrolled pain, new numbness, or a change in the colour or temperature of the limb.
For severe symptoms or an emergency, call 112. The instructions given to you at discharge take priority over the general information on this page.
Editorial responsibility
Medically reviewed content
Dr. Răzvan Anițaș
Consultant orthopaedic and trauma surgeon; PhD in medical sciences
Last editorial update: 22 August 2026
Medical sources used for patient information
First step
Consultation, diagnosis and an individual treatment recommendation
This information does not replace a consultation. Surgery is recommended only after the individual benefits, alternatives and risks have been assessed.